Women's Activism NYC

Anna Julia Cooper

1858 - 1964

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Anna Julia Cooper born in 1858, was an American education and a writer, her book "A Voice From the South By a Black Woman of the South (1892)" which has became a classic of the African American Feminist text. Cooper was the daughter of a slave women. In 1868, Cooper was enrolled in Saint Augustine's Normal School and Collegiate Institute which is now Saint Augustine's University which was a school for freed slaves. She shown that she was passionate of education and had began to teach mathematics at the age of 10 years old. When she was rolled at Saint Augustine, she had realized that her male classmates were being encouraged to study a different curriculum than the female students, this had made Anna take action, she went to advocate for the education of Black women and spent most of her life doing so. In 1877, Anna had married her classmate, George Cooper who had passed away two years later. After her husband's passing, cooper had enrolled in Oberlin College in Ohio and she had graduated in 1994 with a B.S. in mathematics and had received her masters degree in mathematics in 1888 and 1887. She had became a faculty member at the M Street High School which was established in 1870 as the Preparatory High School for Negro Youth in Washington D.C. there she had taught mathematics, science, and then later Latin. Cooper was involved in the black women's club movement which involved middle-class women who unified to help the less-fortunate African Americans. Cooper had became a popular public speaker, and she had addressed a wide variety of groups which includes the National Conference of Colored Women in 1895 and the first Pan-African Conference in 1900. In 1902, she was named the principal of the M Street High School, and as the principal she had enhanced the academic reputation, where several of her students were admitted to Ivy League Schools. Her emphasis on college preparatory courses had irked critics such as Brooker T. Washington. She was under triumped-up charges, and the District of Columbia Board of Education had refused to renew her contract for the 1905-10906 year. Cooper's choice was to continue her career and she taught for four years at Lincoln University, which was a historically black college in Jefferson City, Missouri. In 1910, Anna had became a teacher again at M street where she stayed until 1930 and school was renamed Dunbar High School after 1916. In 1911, she had started preparing for her doctoral degree, and would study part time. In 1925, at the age of 67, she had received her doctorate from the Sorbonne in Paris, and wrote her Dissertation on slavery, it was written in french, and then published in English as "Slavery and the French Revolutionists, 1788-1805." Cooper had also served as the president of the Frelinghuysen University for the working adults in Washington, D.C. and had passed away in her sleep, at the age of 105. Cooper above all reared two foster children, and five adoptive children on a teacher's salary. Anna Cooper was one of the most important African-American scholars in United States History.

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